Kinetics of indium and indium–tin soldering materials in vacuum volatilization

Jian Pang; Lingxin Kong; Bin Yang; Zhicheng Yang; Hai Wu; Wei Zhao; Jiapeng Zhang; Junjie Xu; Baoqiang Xu

Journal of Materials Research and Technology (Nov 2023)

Kinetics of indium and indium–tin soldering materials in vacuum volatilization

Jian Pang,
Lingxin Kong,
Bin Yang,
Zhicheng Yang,
Hai Wu,
Wei Zhao,
Jiapeng Zhang,
Junjie Xu,
Baoqiang Xu

Affiliations

Jian Pang: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Lingxin Kong: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Corresponding author. National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, PR China.
Bin Yang: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Corresponding author. National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, PR China.
Zhicheng Yang: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Hai Wu: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Wei Zhao: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Jiapeng Zhang: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Junjie Xu: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
Baoqiang Xu: Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 27
pp. 6799 – 6810

Abstract

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Vacuum volatilization is a clean and efficient method for metal purification, alloy separation, and comprehensive recovery of secondary resources. The evaporation kinetics of In and In–Sn alloys were investigated to better understand the evaporation mechanism during the vacuum volatilization of In. The evaporation rates of the In and In–Sn alloys at 1173–1373 K and 5 Pa increased significantly with increasing temperature in accordance with the equation ω = e(a+b∙T). The evaporation rates at 1323 K and 5 Pa decreased with increasing crucible depth in accordance with the equation ω = a2+(a1-a2)/(1+e(h-b)/c). For In and In–Sn, the total mass-transfer coefficients of In were obtained at different temperatures and crucible depths. A theoretical kinetic model of In was established and limiting links were obtained vacuum volatilization of In and In–Sn.

Published in Journal of Materials Research and Technology

ISSN: 2238-7854 (Print); 2214-0697 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Technology: Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-materials-research-and-technology/

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