Influence of the fly ash fraction after grinding process on the hydrothermal synthesis efficiency of Na-A, Na-P1, Na-X and sodalite zeolite types

Abstract

Abstract The fly ashes (Class F and C) have been successfully used as the main substrates in the hydrothermal syntheses of Na-A, Na-P1, Na-X and sodalite zeolites. Both ashes and their derivatives after milling with magnetic field grinder were used. The paper investigates the effect of fly ash fraction size on the syntheses efficiency and physicochemical properties of the obtained zeolites. The starting material and obtained zeolites were subjected to physicochemical characteristics using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy methods. The paper showed a significant effect of the used fly ash fractions on the quantity, purity, quality and level of crystallinity of the zeolites phase obtained. The application of the grinding process prior to the syntheses of zeolites, with a relatively small financial outlay, significantly increases their application potential. Obtained zeolites are a promising material in the context of their use, inter alia, in environmental protection. Graphic abstract

Keywords

• Grinding degree
• Magnetic field grinder
• Fly ash
• Synthetic zeolites
• Hydrothermal synthesis