Carbonized Apples and Quinces Stillage for Electromagnetic Shielding
Mila Milenkovic,
Warda Saeed,
Muhammad Yasir,
Dusan Milivojevic,
Ali Azmy,
Kamal E. S. Nassar,
Zois Syrgiannis,
Ioannis Spanopoulos,
Danica Bajuk-Bogdanovic,
Snežana Maletić,
Djurdja Kerkez,
Tanja Barudžija,
Svetlana Jovanović
Affiliations
Mila Milenkovic
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Warda Saeed
Department of Computing Science, Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
Muhammad Yasir
Department of Computing Science, Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
Dusan Milivojevic
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Ali Azmy
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
Kamal E. S. Nassar
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
Zois Syrgiannis
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
Ioannis Spanopoulos
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
Danica Bajuk-Bogdanovic
Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12–16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
Snežana Maletić
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Djurdja Kerkez
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Tanja Barudžija
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Svetlana Jovanović
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Electromagnetic waves (EMWs) have become an integral part of our daily lives, but they are causing a new form of environmental pollution, manifesting as electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency signal leakage. As a result, the demand for innovative, eco-friendly materials capable of blocking EMWs has escalated in the past decade, underscoring the significance of our research. In the realm of modern science, the creation of new materials must consider the starting materials, production costs, energy usage, and the potential for air, water, and soil pollution. Herein, we utilized biowaste materials generated during the distillation of fruit schnapps. The biowaste from apple and quince schnapps distillation was used as starting material, mixed with KOH, and carbonized at 850 °C, in a nitrogen atmosphere. The structure of samples was investigated using various techniques (infrared, Raman, energy-dispersive X-ray, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analysis, BET surface area analyzer). Encouragingly, these materials demonstrated the ability to block EMWs within a frequency range of 8 to 12 GHz. Shielding efficiency was measured using waveguide adapters connected to ports (1 and 2) of the vector network analyzer using radio-frequency coaxial cables. At a frequency of 10 GHz, carbonized biowaste blocks 78.5% of the incident electromagnetic wave.
