A Cameroon Western Regions high-fat diet (MACAPOS 2) induces visceral obesity in rat
Sandrine Nkoubat Tchoundjwen,
Armel Georges Kamgang Tchawou,
Clémence Mvongo,
Adamou Mfopa,
Joseph Ngakou Mukam,
Paul Aimé Noubissi,
Gaetan Olivier Fankem,
René Kamgang,
Jean Louis Essame Oyono
Affiliations
Sandrine Nkoubat Tchoundjwen
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Armel Georges Kamgang Tchawou
Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Research Centre on Health and Priority Pathologies, (IMPM), P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Clémence Mvongo
Department of Life Science, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Bertoua, Cameroon
Adamou Mfopa
Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetics Resources, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, P.O. Box 17673 Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Research Centre on Health and Priority Pathologies, (IMPM), P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Joseph Ngakou Mukam
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Paul Aimé Noubissi
Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Cameroon; Corresponding author.
Gaetan Olivier Fankem
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
René Kamgang
Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Research Centre on Health and Priority Pathologies, (IMPM), P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Jean Louis Essame Oyono
Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Research Centre on Health and Priority Pathologies, (IMPM), P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
The prevalence of obesity increases yearly in the world. The traditional local diet of the Western Regions of Cameroon was suspected to be the main contributor to the high prevalence of obesity in these Regions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Cameroon-comparable fat diet on visceral obesity in rats.Two groups of male Wistar rats were fed for four months with respectively a normal diet (ND) (3400 kcal/kg of food) and a high-fat diet (HFD) containing maize, cassava, palm oil, and sugar (MACAPOS 2): 35 % carbohydrate, 55 % fat and 10 % proteins (4730 kcal/kg of food). Lee index, body weight, food intake, blood and hepatic lipids, body fat, insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, glycemia, serum insulin, leptin, and adiponectin were evaluated.HFD significantly (P 30 g/cm), and HFD significantly increased visceral and subcutaneous fats compared to ND. HFD increased triglyceride, total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, and the atherogenic index, while the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level was decreased. The hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol levels significantly (P < 0.01) increased in HFD, compared to ND. In HFD, the fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, and leptin levels significantly (P < 0.01) increased, meanwhile adiponectin decreased. HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in rats.Based on our findings, we can conclude that HFD MACAPOS 2 can induce central obesity. Therefore, it can be used as a model of diet-induced obesity.
