Military Health and Social Determinants of Health: A Scoping-Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: The military faces significant physical and mental health challenges, including PTSD and depression. Addressing and preventing chronic diseases in the armed forces is crucial for national security, and Social Determinants of Health (SDH) play a significant role in military health outcomes. Conducting a comprehensive literature review of the social elements that influence military health can aid in creating policies and improving the well-being of service members and veterans. Methods: This systematic review searched multiple databases using specific keywords to identify studies published within the last ten years investigating SDH in military communities. Data extraction involved identifying eligible research, extracting data using a standard form, and synthesizing the data using a narrative technique presented clearly and comprehensively with tables and figures summarizing the key findings. Result: At least thirteen factors affect SDH in the military. Economic variables, such as military rank-based income and housing, are the most influential. Understanding and addressing these SDH factors is crucial for ensuring the well-being of military personnel and promoting overall societal health. Intersectoral collaboration is also necessary for success in these areas. Conclusion: SDH significantly impacts the well-being of military personnel, with economic variables being the most influential factor. Addressing these determinants using intersectoral collaboration and advocacy efforts should be a top priority for military organizations to ensure their personnel's health and overall societal health.

Keywords

• military
• social determinants of health
• systematic review
• health equity
• strategies