How Adding Chlorhexidine or Metallic Nanoparticles Affects the Antimicrobial Performance of Calcium Hydroxide Paste as an Intracanal Medication: An In Vitro Study
Kadiatou Sy,
Kevimy Agossa,
Mickaël Maton,
Henry Chijcheapaza-Flores,
Bernard Martel,
Florence Siepmann,
Etienne Deveaux,
Nicolas Blanchemain,
Christel Neut
Affiliations
Kadiatou Sy
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Kevimy Agossa
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Mickaël Maton
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Henry Chijcheapaza-Flores
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Bernard Martel
UMR 8207, UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, CNRS—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INRA—Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, ENSCL—Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille, University of Lille, 59655 Lille, France
Florence Siepmann
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Etienne Deveaux
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Nicolas Blanchemain
U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Christel Neut
U1286 Infinite—Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
The aim of our study was to explore the potential value of metallic (Ag, Cu, and Zn) salts, polymer/metallic nanoparticles, and chlorhexidine (CHX) for improving the antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide (CH) against E. faecalis and C. albicans, associated with persistent endodontic infections. A first screening was performed by determining minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC). Antimicrobial activity of the CH paste mixed with metallic salts, chitosan or cyclodextrin polymer metallic nanoparticles was compared to the antimicrobial activity of CH paste alone and CH + CHX using a time-kill kinetics assay. The effect of the antimicrobials on the rheological and the key mechanical properties were also examined. Copper and zinc were discarded because of their MIC/MBC values and silver because of its kill time curve profile. Except for a slower setting time after 24 h and a higher weight loss after 1 week of incubation, the mechanical behavior of the CH paste was unaffected by the addition of CHX. Polymeric/metallic nanoparticles failed to potentiate the antimicrobial effect of CH. By contrast, CHX increased this effect and thus could help eradicate E. faecalis associated with persistent root canal infections without altering the desired key physical properties of the CH paste.
