Nanomaterials (Nov 2023)

A Conceptual Approach for the Design of New Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis: A Metal—Support Interactions Review

  • Javier Arroyo-Caire,
  • Manuel Antonio Diaz-Perez,
  • Mayra Anabel Lara-Angulo,
  • Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222914
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 22
p. 2914

Abstract

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The growing interest in green ammonia production has spurred the development of new catalysts with the potential to carry out the Haber–Bosch process under mild pressure and temperature conditions. While there is a wide experimental background on new catalysts involving transition metals, supports and additives, the fundamentals behind ammonia synthesis performance on these catalysts remained partially unsolved. Here, we review the most important works developed to date and analyze the traditional catalysts for ammonia synthesis, as well as the influence of the electron transfer properties of the so-called 3rd-generation catalysts. Finally, the importance of metal–support interactions is highlighted as an effective pathway for the design of new materials with potential to carry out ammonia synthesis at low temperatures and pressures.

Keywords