PERINATAL DEVELOPMENT OF PIG’S DIGESTIVE TRACT

Abstract

Perinatal development of the digestive system of piglets is a complex process characterized by numerous changes in the structural and functional level caused by the action of various factors. As the main organ in which digestion and absorption take place, the small intestine is most affected by these changes. During parturition the digestive system is colonized by numerous microorganisms which further stimulate the structural and immune development acting as a part of the protective barrier lining. Colostrum intake passively immunizes and promotes the development of the digestive system. The enzymatic system of piglets is undeveloped after parturition and adapted to colostrum and milk digestion developing gradually due to the interaction of food ingredients, microbiota and genes. After weaning piglets stop to eat temporarily and a short delay in growth and invasion of intestinal structure and function occure. In order to prepare the digestive system for weaning, it is important to start feeding piglets with high quality, hygienic and balanced forage on time.

Keywords

• piglets
• digestive system
• perinatal development
• microbiota
• weaning