Electrochemical and quantum chemical investigation on the adsorption behavior of a schiff base and its metal complex for corrosion protection of mild steel in 15 wt% HCl solution
Badr El-Haitout,
Ratnaningsih Eko Sardjono,
Bouchra Es-Sounni,
Maryam Chafiq,
Rachid Salghi,
Mohamed Bakhouch,
Aisha H. Al-Moubaraki,
Jamilah M. Al-Ahmari,
Azza A. Al-Ghamdi,
Mohammed Fahim,
Belkheir Hammouti,
Abdelkarim Chaouiki,
Young Gun Ko
Affiliations
Badr El-Haitout
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, ENSA, University Ibn Zohr, PO Box 1136, Agadir, 80000, Morocco
Ratnaningsih Eko Sardjono
Chemistry Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Setiabudi 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
Bouchra Es-Sounni
Laboratory of Innovative Material and Biotechnology of Naturel Resources, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco
Maryam Chafiq
Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea; Corresponding authors.
Rachid Salghi
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, ENSA, University Ibn Zohr, PO Box 1136, Agadir, 80000, Morocco; Euromed University of Fes, UEMF, Morocco; Corresponding author. Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, ENSA, University Ibn Zohr, PO Box 1136, Agadir, 80000, Morocco.
Mohamed Bakhouch
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.O. Box 24, El Jadida M-24000, Morocco
Aisha H. Al-Moubaraki
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences–Alfaisaliah Campus, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
Jamilah M. Al-Ahmari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences–Alfaisaliah Campus, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
Azza A. Al-Ghamdi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences–Alfaisaliah Campus, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Fahim
Laboratory of Innovative Material and Biotechnology of Naturel Resources, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco
Belkheir Hammouti
Euromed University of Fes, UEMF, Morocco
Abdelkarim Chaouiki
Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea; Corresponding authors.
Young Gun Ko
Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.
This work evaluates the effectiveness of Schiff base derivatives, namely, 2,2'-((1E,1′E)-((2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol (DAMD) and (2-((E)-((3-(((E)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2,2dimethylpropyl)imino)methyl)phenoxy) zinc (HDMZ), as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in a 15 % HCl solution. By employing a blend of experimental assessments and theoretical computations, such as electrochemical tests, morphological observations, and theoretical simulations, the study achieved an impressive up to 94.6 % inhibition efficiency. Notably, HDMZ exhibited significant protective properties. The results of PDP showed that both inhibitors act as mixed-type corrosion inhibitors. SEM surface analysis of the uninhibited and inhibited samples revealed the formation of a protective layer of inhibitor molecules on the mild steel surface to mitigate its corrosion. The Langmuir adsorption model verified the occurrence of dual adsorption, while theoretical simulations offered insights into the underlying interaction mechanisms. The identification of Schiff-based inhibitors reveals a pronounced synergistic effect in corrosion inhibition, marking a significant advancement in understanding corrosion control mechanisms. This study illuminates the process of forming covalent bonds between inhibitor molecules and iron atoms, presenting a hopeful path towards the advancement of corrosion inhibitors tailored for industrial use. The parallel adsorption configuration and mutual interactions form a stable structure, reinforcing the organic-metal bonds and enhancing both chemical and physical adhesion to the steel surface. These findings indicate that the synergistic effect of molecular interactions and polar-rich regions offers a promising strategy for designing functional hybrid materials.
