Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare (Mar 2024)
Pro-Inflammatory Diet as a Risk Factor for Stomach Cancer: Findings from a Multicenter Study in Central and Western China
Abstract
Dan Li,1,2,* Donglin Zhang,3,* Minjuan Wang,2 Jianfeng Hao,2 Yongquan Shi,4 Dake Chu1,5 1Graduate School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 2Scientific Research Management Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 3General Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dake Chu, Graduate School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-2985323922, Email [email protected]: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in central and western China to explore the association between inflammatory diet and stomach cancer odds.Patients and Methods: Participants from five hospitals in the central and western regions were collected. All participants completed the questionnaire we provided before the gastroscopy examination, which includes inquiries about risk factors for stomach cancer and food frequency. All participants underwent gastroscopy, and a mucosal biopsy was confirmed pathologically. Pathological findings were classified as chronic gastritis group, precancerous lesions group and stomach cancer group. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores were calculated based on the frequency of food occurrences in the questionnaire, and finally SPSS was used to calculate the correlation between variables.Results: A total of 1162 patients were included in this study, including 668 cases of chronic gastritis, 411 cases of precancerous lesions, and 83 cases of cancer. A single factor analysis was conducted to examine the risk factors of stomach cancer, revealing a significant association between a pro-inflammatory diet and the stomach cancer odds (p value < 0.05). The results of binary classification analysis further confirmed that a pro-inflammatory diet is a risk factor for stomach cancer 【odds ratio (OR) =7.400)】. Moreover, correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the severity of gastric mucosal diseases and an inflammatory diet (including anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory diets) (rs=0.274, p-value < 0.001).Conclusion: Pro-Inflammatory diet is a risk factor for stomach cancer, and may accelerate the progression of stomach mucosal disease.Keywords: stomach cancer, chronic gastritis, precancerous lesions, dietary inflammatory index, pro-inflammatory diet
