Anti-leukemia effects of ginsenoside monomer: A narrative review of pharmacodynamics study

Abstract

Background: Leukemia is a prevalent disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. Current therapeutic approaches are expensive and have side effects. Objective: In this investigation, we reviewed studies that investigated the anticancer effects of ginsenoside derivatives against leukemia and also explained the three main Ginsenoside derivatives (ginsenoside Rg3, Rh2, and Rg1) separately. Methods: An extensive search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar and relevant studies that investigated anticancer effects of ginsenoside derivatives against leukemia cancer were extracted and reviewed. Results: Preclinical studies reported that ginsenoside derivatives can induce apoptosis, suppress the proliferation of cancer cells, and induce differentiation and cell cycle arrest in leukemia cells. in addition, it can suppress the chemokine activity and extramedullary infiltration of leukemia cells from bone marrow. using herbal medicine and its derivatives is a promising approach to current health problems. Conclusion: This review shows that ginsenoside derivatives can potentially suppress the growth of leukemia cells via various pathways and can be applied as a new natural medicine for future clinical research.

Keywords

• Ginseng
• Ginsenoside
• Leukemia
• Cancer