Are gestational and type II diabetes mellitus associated with the Apgar scores of full-term neonates?

Abstract

Kevin P Yeagle,1 James Michael O’Brien,2 William M Curtin,2 Serdar H Ural2 1Penn State Hershey, Department of the College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; 2Penn State Hershey Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA Objective: To compare Apgar scores of full-term newborns of mothers with gestational (GDM) or type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with scores of newborns of mothers without impaired glucose tolerance. Study design: This was a retrospective data collection study (n=297). We reviewed 1-minute and 5-minute neonatal Apgar scores of newborns of mothers with GDM (n=100) or T2DM (n=97). Our control group consisted of newborns of mothers without a prior history of impaired glucose tolerance (n=100). ANOVA and linear model with corrected errors were used and adjusted for newborn sex and weight, and maternal age. Chi-squared analysis was performed for newborn sex. Results: The mean 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores were 7.8 and 8.9 for the GDM group and 7.7 and 8.9 for the T2DM group, respectively. There was no statistical difference in the 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores between the GDM group and controls (P=0.89 and P=0.13, respectively) nor in the scores between the T2DM group and controls (P=0.67 and P=0.40, respectively). Conclusion: Maternal history of GDM and T2DM does not appear to be associated with the 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores of full-term newborns of mothers with GDM and T2DM as compared to newborns of mothers without a history of impaired glucose tolerance. Keywords: Apgar score, diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, term birth

Keywords

• Apgar Score
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Gestational Diabetes
• Term Birth