Comparison of analgesia and akinesia between sub-Tenon’s capsule anesthesia and trans-Tenon’s capsule retrobulbar anesthesia in vitrectomy

Abstract

Objectives: We compared the effects of sub-Tenon’s capsule anesthesia (STA) and trans-Tenon’s capsule retrobulbar anesthesia (TTRBA) in 68 patients with epiretinal membrane. Methods: Either STA or TTRBA was induced with 3 mL of lidocaine (2%) before vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and aspiration (phacovitrectomy). Akinesia was evaluated by range of eye movement (ROEM) in upward, downward, nasal, and temporal directions at 4, 10, and 30 minutes after injection. Analgesia was evaluated with a visual analogue pain score, which ranged from 0 to 10. Results: The mean cumulative ROEMs were 1.44±1.02 corneal diameters (CDs) at 4 minutes, 0.55±0.76 CDs at 10 minutes, and 0.26±0.33 CDs at 30 minutes in patients who received STA; these values were 0.39±0.35 CDs at 4 minutes, 0.22±0.30 CDs at 10 minutes, and 0.13±0.29 CDs at 30 minutes in patients who received TTRBA. At both 4 and 10 minutes, the cumulative ROEMs in all directions, as well as the temporal ROEMs, were significantly larger in patients who received STA than in patients who received TTRBA. Pain scores did not significantly differ between groups at any time point. Conclusions: STA and TTRBA produced identical degrees of analgesia, but akinesia was slower in patients who received STA. TTRBA might be preferable for patients undergoing brief vitrectomy.

Keywords

• sub-tenon’s capsule anesthesia
• trans-tenon’s capsule retrobulbar anesthesia
• akinesia
• pain
• phacovitrectomy