مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی (Apr 2022)
Allelic variation, population structure and genetic diversity in different genotypes of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using ISSR marker
Abstract
ObjectiveDate palm is one of the most important trees in arid and tropical regions with very valuable fruit as a good food source. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate allelic diversity, the population structure and genetic diversity of important date palm genotypes using ISSR molecular marker for applying in genomic studies. Materials and methodsGenomic DNA was extracted from leaf tissue of 68 date palm genotypes by Zhang method. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the extracted DNA was performed by using a spectrophotometer. For qualitative evaluation, DNA samples were visualized on 2% agarose gel. Polymerase chain reaction was performed using 10 ISSR primers. ResultsIn this study, 74 polymorphic bands were created that showed an average of 65.78% polymorphism. Based on the results of this experiment, (AG)8YC', (TC)8C and (GA)8C are suitable markers in the study of genetic diversity of date palm. Structural analysis divided the study population into three sub-structures. The results of analysis of molecular variance between and within the three subpopulations showed that the share of variance within and between subpopulations was 79 and 21% of the total variance, respectively. The principle component analysis based on the Euclidean square distance matrix showed that the first ten components explained 54.57% of the total changes and diagram of the principal component analysis based on the first two principal components divided population into four groups. In addition, cluster analysis based on complete linkage clustering method and the Euclidean distance divided 68 date palm genotypes into four groups. ConclusionsThe ISSR marker can be useful as a suitable marker for studying the differentiation and structure of the date palm population. High genetic diversity within and between subpopulations makes it possible to select parents for suitable traits in future breeding programs of date palm.
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