METALLIC BIOMATERIALS USED IN DENTAL PROSTHETICS- AN OVERVIEW

Abstract

Classic metallic biomaterials, such as type 316 austenitic stainless steels, Co-Cr alloys and titanium alloys, are recognized for their excellent mechanical properties that recommend them to be used primarily in the execution of implants to assist in the healing of human hard tissues in dentistry .But, at the same time, it is known that corrosion resistance in the human body, the emission of metal ions in adjacent tissues and a low biocompatibility compared to other classes of biomaterials are negative aspects of metal alloys. For this reason, numerous studies and research aim to improve the corrosion resistance of metal alloys used as biomaterials .This classic pattern of metallic biomaterials has been changed relatively recently by the advent of biodegradable metals and alloys.Biodegradable metals are metals that gradually corrode in vivo , with the host organism having an appropriate response to corrosion products, which will completely dissolve in the body after the mission of healing the surrounding tissue. Therefore, the major component of biodegradable metals would be the essential metallic elements, which can be metabolized by the human body and demonstrate the rate of degradation in the human body.

Keywords

• alloys
• mechanical properties
• materials science
• corosions