Gapless genome assembly of East Asian finless porpoise

Abstract

Abstract In recent years, conservation efforts have increased for rare and endangered aquatic wildlife, especially cetaceans. However, the East Asian finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri), which has a wide distribution in China, has received far less attention and protection. As an endangered small cetacean, the lack of a chromosomal-level reference for the East Asian finless porpoise limits our understanding of its population genetics and conservation biology. To address this issue, we combined PacBio HiFi long reads and Hi-C sequencing data to generate a gapless genome of the East Asian finless porpoise that is approximately 2.5 Gb in size over its 21 autosomes and two sex chromosomes (X and Y). A total of 22,814 protein-coding genes were predicted where ~97.31% were functionally annotated. This high-quality genome assembly of East Asian finless porpoise will not only provide new resources for the comparative genomics of cetaceans and conservation biology of threatened species, but also lay a foundation for more speciation, ecology, and evolutionary studies. Measurement(s) Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri • Gapless genome assembly • sequence annotation Technology Type(s) MGISEQ. 2000 • PacBio HiFi Sequencing • Hi-C Sample Characteristic - Organism Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri Sample Characteristic - Environment seawater Sample Characteristic - Location Yellow Sea near Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China