脱色吸附剂对大豆脱色油返酸返色的影响Effects of adsorbent on the acid reversion and colour reversion of bleached soybean oil

Abstract

为对油脂精炼脱色加工提供参考，以活性白土、凹凸棒土以及二者复配作为脱色剂对大豆中和油进行脱色，测定脱色油的酸值、色泽，并通过返酸返色试验探究脱色吸附剂对大豆脱色油返酸返色的影响。结果表明：脱色油酸值与活性白土添加量和复配脱色剂中活性白土质量分数呈正相关，与凹凸棒土添加量呈负相关；脱色剂添加量越多，脱色效果越明显，但在活性白土或凹凸棒土添加量超过3%时，脱色效果增加较少；随活性白土或凹凸棒土添加量的增多，脱色油返酸总体呈先降后升趋势；脱色油会有不同程度的返色，与活性白土相比，凹凸棒土脱色返色程度更高。综上，在脱色过程中，通过调整脱色剂添加量和配比可在一定程度上控制成品油的返酸返色程度。 In order to provide a reference for the oil bleaching process, the neutralized soybean oil was bleached with activated bentonite, attapulgite and their combination, and the acid value and colour of the bleached oil were determined. The effects of bleaching agents on the acid reversion and colour reversion of the bleached oil were analyzed by acid reversion test and colour reversion test. The results showed that the acid value of the bleached oil was positively correlated with the amount of activated bentonite added and the mass fraction of activated bentonite in the compound bleaching agent, and negatively correlated with the amount of attapulgite added. The more the bleaching agent was added, the more obvious the bleaching effect was, but when the dosage of activated bentonite or attapulgite added exceeded 3%, the bleaching effect increased less. As the dosage of activated bentonite or attapulgite added increased, the acid reversion of the bleached oil generally tended to decrease first and then increase. The bleached oil had different degrees of colour reversion, and compared with activated bentonite, the degree of colour reversion was higher with attapulgite. In conculsion, in the oil bleaching process, the degree of acid and colour reversion of the finished oil can be controlled to a certain extent by adjusting the dosage and ratio of bleaching agent added.

Keywords

• 大豆油；脱色；活性白土；凹凸棒土；返酸；返色
• soybean oil; bleaching; activated bentonite; attapulgite; acid reversion; colour reversion