Chemical Composition of Volatile Compounds in <i>Apis mellifera</i> Propolis from the Northeast Region of Pará State, Brazil
Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira,
Jorddy Neves Cruz,
Oberdan Oliveira Ferreira,
Daniel Santiago Pereira,
Natanael Santiago Pereira,
Marcos Enê Chaves Oliveira,
Giorgio Cristino Venturieri,
Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro Guilhon,
Antônio Pedro da Silva Souza Filho,
Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
Affiliations
Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
Jorddy Neves Cruz
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
Oberdan Oliveira Ferreira
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
Daniel Santiago Pereira
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária-Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Tv. Dr. Eneas Pinheiro, s/n—Marco, Belém 66095-903, PA, Brazil
Natanael Santiago Pereira
Laboratory of Soil Water for Irrigation Purposes and Vegetable Tissues, Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte 62930-000, CE, Brazil
Marcos Enê Chaves Oliveira
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária-Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Tv. Dr. Eneas Pinheiro, s/n—Marco, Belém 66095-903, PA, Brazil
Giorgio Cristino Venturieri
Pollination Ecology, Meliponiculture and Beekeeping, NATIVO Company, Wavell Heights North, QLD 4012, Australia
Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro Guilhon
Faculdade de Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
Antônio Pedro da Silva Souza Filho
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária-Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Tv. Dr. Eneas Pinheiro, s/n—Marco, Belém 66095-903, PA, Brazil
Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
Propolis is a balsamic product obtained from vegetable resins by exotic Africanized bees Apis mellifera L., transported and processed by them, originating from the activity that explores and maintains these individuals. Because of its vegetable and natural origins, propolis is a complex mixture of different compound classes; among them are the volatile compounds present in the aroma. In this sense, in the present study we evaluated the volatile fraction of propolis present in the aroma obtained by distillation and simultaneous extraction, and its chemical composition was determined using coupled gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and flame ionization detection. The majority of compounds were sesquiterpene and hydrocarbons, comprising 8.2–22.19% α-copaene and 6.2–21.7% β-caryophyllene, with additional compounds identified in greater concentrations. Multivariate analysis showed that samples collected from one region may have different chemical compositions, which may be related to the location of the resin’s production. This may be related to other bee products.
