Heliyon (Feb 2024)
Thermal performance of Joule heating in radiative Eyring-Powell nanofluid with Arrhenius activation energy and gyrotactic motile microorganisms
Abstract
Background: Bioconvection is the term for macroscopic convection of particles accompanied by a variable density gradient and a cluster of swimming microorganisms. The accumulation of gyrotactic microbes in the nanoparticles is important to exaggerate the thermal efficacy of various structures for instance, germs powered micro-churns, microbial fuel cubicles, micro-fluidics policies, and chip-designed micro plans like bio-microstructures. Purpose: Here approach in the current effort is to present an innovative study of bio-convection owing to gyrotactic microbes in a nanofluid comprising non-uniform heat source/sink, space and temperature-dependent viscosity and Joule dissipation. The physical constraints such as convective-surface and new mass flux conditions are examined for 3D Eyring-Powell magneto-radiative nanofluid via porous stretched sheet. Method: ology: Over suitable similarity alterations, the related non-linear flow, temperature, and concentration phenomena, equations are altered into non-linear equations. By combining the shooting methodology with the Runge-Kutta fourth-order technique is applied to get numerical solutions. A thorough investigation for the impact of important non-dimensional thermophysical parameters regulating flow characteristics is carried out. Motivation: Lots of the studies on nanofluids realize their performance therefore that they can be exploited where conventional heat transport development is paramount as in numerous engineering uses, micro-electronics, transportation in addition to foodstuff and bio-medicine. The gyrotactic microbes flow in nanofluids has attained great devotion amongst researchers and the scientist community because of its works in numerous areas of bio-technology. The benefits of counting nanoparticles in mobile microbe's deferral can be established in micro-scale involvement and stability of nanofluid. Significant results: For a few chosen parameters, the computed results for friction factor and transport for motile microorganism values are shown. The computed numerical results for parameters of engineering interest are given using tables. Furthermore, the recent solutions are stable with the former stated results and excellent association is found. The temperature of the fluid exaggerates for higher values of thermo-Biot and radiation parameter; however, Peclet and bio-convective Lewis's factor decay the motile microorganisms' field of Eyring-Powell fluid. The concentration field also enhances the activation energy parameter.
