Prevalence and correlates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Korean college students

Abstract

Young-Sook Kwak, Young-Eun Jung, Moon-Doo Kim Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) persists into adulthood in a high proportion of cases, causing social difficulties and affective problems. We evaluated the prevalence of symptoms of ADHD and the correlates thereof in Korean college students. Methods: A total of 2,172 college students, stratified to reflect geographical differences, were asked to complete self-report questionnaires on ADHD symptoms, depression, and related factors. Results: ADHD symptoms were found in 7.6% of college students. Univariate analysis revealed that younger students had higher rates of ADHD symptoms than did older students. We found significant associations between ADHD symptoms and problematic alcohol use, depression, and lifetime suicidal behavior. Multivariate analysis revealed that ADHD symptoms in adults were significantly associated with depression (odds ratio [OR] =4.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.23–6.80; P<0.001) and overweight or obesity (OR =1.50; 95% CI 1.02–2.22; P=0.040), after controlling for sex and age. Conclusion: These results have implications in terms of the mental health interventions required to assess problems such as depression, alcohol use, obesity, and suicidality in young adults with ADHD symptoms. Keywords: depression, adult ADHD, alcohol problem, obesity