A SOME ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EBOLA VIRUS IN NATURAL FOCIES

Abstract

Ebola virus that composed Ebolavirus genus of Filoviridae Family causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high case-fatality rates (up to 90%). The Ebolavirus genus includes Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Reston, Ebola-Tai Forest and Ebola-Bundibugyo viruses. The date about epidemic outbreaks of disease, reservoirs of infection, accidental hosts of Ebola virus are presented in this review. The date about natural reservoirs of infection are accessed only for Ebola-Zaire and Ebola-Reston viruses. For Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Tai Forest and Ebola-Bundibugyo viruses such information is absence. The bats are natural reservoirs for Ebola-Zaire and Ebola-Reston viruses. The formation of natural reservoirs of filoviruses assumes possibilities of existence of several hosts. The interrelation of Ebola virus and their hosts, dynamics of infection are the classical «susceptible-infected-immune» (recovered) cycle. The likely schemes of rises of epidemic outbreaks, caused by Ebola-Zaire virus are suggested.

Keywords

• ebola virus
• haemorrhagic fever
• ecological characteristics
• natural foci
• epidemic outbreak
• reservoirs of infection
• accidental hosts
• bats