Application of MobileNetV2 and SVM Combination for Enhanced Accuracy in Pneumonia Classification

Abstract

Pneumonia is a very common respiratory infection in low- and middle-income countries and is still a leading cause of death, especially among children under five years old. Modern technologies, such as machine learning, offer significant potential in improving the automatic detection of pneumonia through chest X-ray (CXR) image analysis. This study aims to develop a more accurate pneumonia diagnosis system by evaluating various feature extraction methods. CXR datasets of pneumonia patients were resized to 180x180 pixels and balanced using the SMOTE-Tomek technique. Three main approaches were investigated: direct classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) on the SMOTE-Tomek balanced dataset, feature extraction using Sobel edge detection followed by SVM classification, and feature extraction using MobileNet-V2 followed by SVM classification. The results showed that Scheme 1 achieved 97% accuracy, Scheme 2 decreased to 95%, and Scheme 3 achieved the highest accuracy at 98%. The lower accuracy in Scheme 2 is due to the limitations of Sobel edge detection, which reduces the key features in the CXR image. On the other hand, the improvement in Scheme 3 is due to the effective feature extraction capability of MobileNet-V2. In conclusion, the choice of feature extraction method plays an important role in determining the accuracy of an automated diagnostic system. This study builds on existing research and is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of more accurate and efficient automated diagnostic systems, which can ultimately help reduce pneumonia-related mortality.

Keywords

• pneumonia
• cxr
• sobel
• mobilenet
• svm.