Prevalence of cognitive impairment among people aged ≥ 50 years in rural population of Belagavi Taluka – A community based cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Cognitive Impairment is one of the neglected disorders in India, compared to developed countries and one amongst the emerging public health issues. In older cohort if left undiagnosed, it may lead to dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Till now, treatment for CI isn't available. Hence, only preventive measures are being taken at a right time, which may help to relieve the burden of disease. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Cognitive Impairment among people aged ≥50 years in rural population of Belagavi Taluka and to determine association with its socio-demographic variables. Study design: A community-based cross-sectional study. Methodology: House to house survey was conducted by simple random sampling method, after obtaining the required permission from the respective authorities. Demographic profile, Vernacular ACE III questionnaire [literate or illiterate version] was accustomed to discover CI and HADS scale. Statistical Analysis was done through SPSS version 22. Chi - Square test and Karl Pearson's parametric statistic test were applied. Results: The prevalence of CI was found to be 14% in the present study. Female gender, widow/widower status, illiteracy and advanced old age (≥70 years) were statistically significant risk factors. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, necessary social support and required therapeutic interventions to enhance cognitive level of old aged community dwellers and vulnerable groups need much priority.

Keywords

• Cognitive impairment
• ACE III
• Old age
• Prevalence
• Rural