V2GNet: Robust Blockchain-Based Energy Trading Method and Implementation in Vehicle-to-Grid Network

Abstract

Nowadays, energy trading policies are revolutionizing the efforts and policies geared toward addressing global carbon emissions and protecting the environment. Smart grids and electric vehicles (EVs) are energy-saving tools for efficient power management. Although EVs can act as both energy consumers and suppliers, the effort required to balance the energy supply and demand in typical centralized trading systems inevitably reduces trading reliability. Another challenge is distributing EVs’ energy rationally to achieve better demand response and energy utilization. To manage the market securely and efficiently, we propose V2GNet(AEBiS Project: https://web-ext.u-aizu.ac.jp/misc/benablab/aebis.html), a blockchain-based energy trading system using the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) network. The system combines a blockchain of energy exchanges (BoE) and a blockchain of EVs (BoEV), with the distinct transmission of energy requests and offers. Furthermore, to consider energy management from an economic viewpoint, we address the attack issue by proposing a robust energy trading (RET) algorithm. The proposed system demonstrates high robustness to malicious attacks. Our experimental results show that the RET reduces 30% energy loss when 20% of consumers are attacked. Moreover, malicious exchanges are excluded progressively from the trading market during each trading round. Also, the RET algorithm achieves better energy fulfillment and higher profit compared to state-of-the-art approaches.

Keywords

• Energy trading
• electric vehicles
• robustness
• vehicle-to-grid