Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture (Dec 2024)
ERGOALKALOIDS-DERIVED MEDICAMENTS IN THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE (CASE REPORTS REVIEW)
Abstract
Background. Medicaments, based on ergoalkaloids (ergot alkaloids) play an important role in veterinary medicine. This article is devoted to analysis of veterinary clinical cases and evaluation of actual results of application of prolactin inhibitors, dopamine agonists and uterotonics based on ergoalkaloids. Materials. An analysis of clinical cases and an assessment of current results for usage of prolactin inhibitors, dopamine agonists and veterinary uterotonics based on ergoalkaloids were performed. Results. In routine practice, dopamine agonists (cabergoline, metergoline, bromocryptine) can be used in cases of inhibition of unwanted lactation, termination of pregnancy in dogs and cats, treatment of anestrus and false pregnancy in dogs. Pergolide (a dopamine agonist) shows high efficiency in treatment of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses and ponies (Cushing's disease, PPID). Cabergoline demonstrate effectiveness for this pathology and for Cushing's disease in dogs. In veterinary medicine of farm animals, uterotonic medicaments based on ergometrine maleate (ergonovine) and methylergometrine can be used to calving stimulation, prevent postpartum uterine bleeding, uterine prolapse, remove fluid from the atonic uterus and other pathologies and to alleviate performing surgical procedures. Ergometrine accelerates processes of uterine involution, reduces risks of developing postpartum pathologies, shortens timing for first postpartum estrus and induces early expulsion of placenta. Cabergoline can be used for safe termination of lactation in inducing of dry period in high productive dairy cows. This approach helps to increase proliferation and remodeling of mammary gland tissue, reduce metabolic stress and prevents to development of mastitis and other intramammary infections in dry period and after calving. Atypical clinical cases of cabergoline and methylergometrine usage include alternative (non-surgical) therapy methods of pyometra in dogs. However, conservative (surgical) methods for therapy of pyometra in dogs remain generally accepted in veterinary practice, reports of alternative (medical) approaches require careful verification and further detailed studies. In female cats used for breeding, medication therapy may be a solution to problems associated with pyometra, however, each case requires a careful analysis of individual clinical conditions for animals and an individual approach. It has been reported that cabergoline can be used for treatment of cats with hypersomatotropism and diabetes mellitus. This approach has shown inconsistent results, probably, effectiveness appears to depend on severity and timing of disease. Conclusion. Medications based on ergoalkaloids show high efficiency in some clinical cases of routine veterinary practice and several treatment protocols in farm animals. EDN: ACYHWC
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