Fiabilitate şi Durabilitate (May 2021)
ELECTROFILTER INSTALLATIONS USED FOR THE RETENTION OF AIRPORTED SUBSTANCES
Abstract
The burning of fossil fuels for energy purposes causes pollution of all environmental factors. If water and soil pollution is practically as significant both in the process of burning fuels and in the process of extraction and transport, air pollution is generated mainly by their combustion. The burning of fossil fuels in thermal power plants pollutes the atmosphere with a series of gaseous emissions such as oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur and to a lesser extent with volatile organic compounds. Apart from these pollutants, if the fuel used is coal, then the atmosphere is also polluted with airborne substances. Electrofilters are installations that use electrostatic forces to separate particles suspended in gases. The fundamental processes that take place in electrofilters are: the initiation of corona discharge, the charging of aerosols with electric charge, the kinetics of particles, the collection and evacuation of dust. In general, aerosols have a certain natural electrical charge (due to ionization processes, in flame or by friction), but this is much too small for efficient separation. The most efficient method of artificially charging electrically charged particles in a biphasic medium is to pass the gas through an electrode system, between which the electric field is strong enough to initiate corona discharge. The particles are subjected to ion bombardment, thus being charged with electric charge. The duration of this process is of the order of 0.01 seconds.
