Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Mar 2020)
Matrix Metalloproteinase-2: A Possible Marker for Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Abstract
Introduction: Lung carcinoma is the foremost cause of death among cancer related deaths globally. Matrix Metalloproteinase’s (MMPs) are Ca+2 and Zn+2 dependent endopeptidases which are involved in degradation of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and have been widely associated with the development of various diseases, including cancer. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2, gelatinase A) the main mediator of ECM degradation, is important in cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. MMP-2 exhibits a high level of expression in many human tumours; plays a role in cancer initiation and development. Aim: To evaluate the level of serum MMP-2 in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) patients and to establish the clinical significance of this biomarker in NSCLC patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty newly diagnosed patients of NSCLC of both sexes and 60 age and sex matched healthy control were taken in this study. Serum MMP-2 level was evaluated in NSCLC patients and healthy controls by ELISA method. The independent t-test was used to compare the level of MMP-2 in healthy controls and NSCLC patients and also in different group of NSCLC patients. Results: Serum MMP-2 level was found significantly higher in NSCLC patients when compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). Significantly, high MMP-2 level was also found in stage III and IV NSCLC patients compared to those in stage I and II NSCLC patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: Present study suggests that serum MMP-2 level can be used as a marker for NSCLC along with other investigations. As MMP-2 is more feasible and economical than already established methods for diagnosis of NSCLC, and many broad spectrum oral MMP inhibitors have been developed which has very potent anti-metastatic effects in lung cancer, hence estimation of MMP-2 could be very beneficial as a marker and for better treatment of NSCLC patients.
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