Applied Sciences (Mar 2022)

Perivascular Adipose Tissue Inflammation: The Anti-Inflammatory Role of Ghrelin in Atherosclerosis Progression

  • Sorin Nicolae Peiu,
  • Radu Florin Popa,
  • Fawzi Akad,
  • Iustina S. Cretu-Silivestru,
  • Bogdan Mircea Mihai,
  • Anatolie Visnevschi,
  • Lorina Vudu,
  • Bogdan Tamba,
  • Teodor Oboroceanu,
  • Daniel Timofte,
  • Veronica Mocanu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073307
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 7
p. 3307

Abstract

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Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and its adipokines engage in bidirectional crosstalk with the vascular wall. Atherosclerosis disrupts this interaction through inflammation, rupture-prone plaques, and subsequent thrombosis. The cardioprotective effects of ghrelin are in contradiction to its adipogenic properties. The concurrent research of anti-/pro-atherogenic mechanisms of ghrelin and PVAT-derived adipokines provides a better understanding of atherosclerosis progression in metabolic disorders. In-depth coverage of the characteristic features of PVAT concerning vascular dysfunction, with a survey of ghrelin-induced anti-inflammatory effects on adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and the inhibitory activity of ghrelin on the proinflammatory adipokine secretion, show that the impact of ghrelin on the endothelial function should be studied in relation to PVAT.

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