Photoperiodic and lighting treatments for flowering control and its genetic regulation in sugarcane breeding
Kamal Priyananda Wickramasinghe,
Chun-yan Kong,
Xiu-qin Lin,
Pei-fang Zhao,
Faisal Mehdi,
Xu-juan Li,
Xin-long Liu,
Jun Mao,
Xin Lu
Affiliations
Kamal Priyananda Wickramasinghe
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China; Sugarcane Research Institute, Uda Walawa, 70190, Sri Lanka
Chun-yan Kong
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
Xiu-qin Lin
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
Pei-fang Zhao
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
Faisal Mehdi
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
Xu-juan Li
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
Xin-long Liu
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
Jun Mao
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China; Corresponding author. Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China.
Xin Lu
National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China; Corresponding author. Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China.
Improvement of sugarcane is hampered due to its narrow genetic base, and the difficulty in synchronizing flowering further hinders the exploitation of the genetic potential of available germplasm resources. Therefore, the continuous evaluation and optimization of flowering control and induction techniques are vital for sugarcane improvement. In view of this, the review was conducted to investigate the current understanding of photoperiodic and lighting treatment effects on sugarcane flowering and its genetic regulation. Photoperiod facilities have made a significant contribution to flowering control in sugarcane; however, inductive photoperiods are still unknown for some genotypes, and some intended crosses are still impossible to produce because of unresponsive varieties. The effectiveness of lower red/far-red ratios in promoting sugarcane flowering has been widely understood. Furthermore, there is vast potential for utilizing blue, red, and far-red light wavelengths in the flowering control of sugarcane. In this context, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remain efficient sources of light. Therefore, the combined use of photoperiod regimes with different light wavelengths and optimization of such treatment combinations might help to control and induce flowering in sugarcane parental clones. In sugarcane, FLOWERING LOCUS T (ScFT) orthologues from ScFT1 to ScFT13 have been identified, and interestingly, ScFT3 has evidently been identified as a floral inducer in sugarcane. However, independent assessments of different FT-like gene family members are recommended to comprehensively understand their role in the regulation of flowering. Similarly, we believe this review provides substantial information that is vital for the manipulation of flowering and exploitation of germplasm resources in sugarcane breeding.
