Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (Dec 2023)

Advanced HIV Disease at Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Treatment Outcomes Among Children and Adolescents Compared to Adults Living With HIV in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • Otto Nzapfurundi Chabikuli MD, MFamMed, MSc,
  • John D. Ditekemena MD, PhD,
  • Lovemore Nyasha Sigwadhi MSc,
  • Astrid Mulenga MD, MPH,
  • Aimé Mboyo MD,
  • Dieudonne Bidashimwa MD, MPH, PhD,
  • Jean B. Nachega MD, PhD, MPH, FAAS

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/23259582231221955
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 22

Abstract

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Background: Little is known about advanced HIV disease (AHD) at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) and related age disparities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of routine program data collected among adults, adolescents, and children living with HIV in 6 health zones in Kinshasa, DRC from 2005 to 2020. Results: Thirty-two percent of those who initiated ART had AHD. Compared to adults, adolescents had a 15% higher risk of AHD (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.08-1.21; P < .001). Despite their higher risk of AHD, adolescents had a lower risk of mortality (aSHR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.52-0.99; P = .047) and lower cumulative death events versus adults (aSHR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.34-0.59; P < .001). Conclusions: ADH at ART initiation is highly prevalent in Kinshasa, DRC, and adolescents are disproportionally impacted. There is a need to scale up high-impact HIV interventions targeting CALHIV.