Instytucjonalne i pozainstytucjonalne uczestniczenie przez obywateli w demokracji

Abstract

Current transformations of the public sphere are changing the perception of forms of participation in democracy by citizens. Apart from institutional forms, non-insti- tutional forms should also be noticed, which are undergoing dynamic changes. The constant tension between the trust arising from the representativeness of democracy and the need of citizens to control those in power is reflected in the needs of vigilance, notification and evaluation. The public sphere thus becomes the theatre of citizens’ actions on different planes – from participating in rallies and initiating legislative procedure to manifesting views in street protests. The proposed study deals with the distinction between institutional and non-institu- tional forms of participation by citizens in democratic processes.

Keywords

• participation in democracy
• deliberative democracy
• counter democracy
• public sphere
• jürgen habermas