The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2023)
Carnegie Supernova Project. II. Near-infrared Spectral Diversity and Template of Type Ia Supernovae
- Jing Lu,
- Eric Y. Hsiao,
- Mark M. Phillips,
- Christopher R. Burns,
- Chris Ashall,
- Nidia Morrell,
- Lawrence Ng,
- Sahana Kumar,
- Melissa Shahbandeh,
- Peter Hoeflich,
- E. Baron,
- Syed Uddin,
- Maximilian D. Stritzinger,
- Nicholas B. Suntzeff,
- Charles Baltay,
- Scott Davis,
- Tiara R. Diamond,
- Gaston Folatelli,
- Francisco Förster,
- Jonathan Gagné,
- Lluís Galbany,
- Christa Gall,
- Santiago González-Gaitán,
- Simon Holmbo,
- Robert P. Kirshner,
- Kevin Krisciunas,
- G. H. Marion,
- Saul Perlmutter,
- Priscila J. Pessi,
- Anthony L. Piro,
- David Rabinowitz,
- Stuart D. Ryder,
- David J. Sand
Affiliations
- Jing Lu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- Eric Y. Hsiao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- Mark M. Phillips
- ORCiD
- Carnegie Observatories, Las Campanas Observatory , Colina El Pino, Casilla 601, Chile
- Christopher R. Burns
- ORCiD
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- Chris Ashall
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Nidia Morrell
- ORCiD
- Carnegie Observatories, Las Campanas Observatory , Colina El Pino, Casilla 601, Chile
- Lawrence Ng
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- Sahana Kumar
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- Melissa Shahbandeh
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Peter Hoeflich
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- E. Baron
- ORCiD
- Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma , 440 W. Brooks, Rm 100, Norman, OK USA; Hamburger Sternwarte , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
- Syed Uddin
- ORCiD
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Maximilian D. Stritzinger
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Nicholas B. Suntzeff
- ORCiD
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Charles Baltay
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Yale University , 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Scott Davis
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ; [email protected]
- Tiara R. Diamond
- ORCiD
- Private astronomer, USA
- Gaston Folatelli
- ORCiD
- Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata (IALP), CONICET, Paseo del Bosque S/N, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Francisco Förster
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute of Astrophysics , Casilla 36-D,7591245, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
- Jonathan Gagné
- ORCiD
- Carnegie Observatories, Las Campanas Observatory , Colina El Pino, Casilla 601, Chile; Planétarium Rio Tinto Alcan , Espace pour la Vie, 4801 av. Pierre-de Coubertin, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Lluís Galbany
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Christa Gall
- ORCiD
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Santiago González-Gaitán
- ORCiD
- CENTRA—Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, Instituto Superior Técnico , Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
- Simon Holmbo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Robert P. Kirshner
- ORCiD
- TMT International Observatory , 100 West Walnut Street, Pasadena, CA 91124, USA; California Institute of Technology , 1216 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Kevin Krisciunas
- ORCiD
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- G. H. Marion
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas , 1 University Station C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Saul Perlmutter
- ORCiD
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Department of Physics, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Physics Department, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Priscila J. Pessi
- ORCiD
- Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Paseo del Bosque S/N, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina
- Anthony L. Piro
- ORCiD
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- David Rabinowitz
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Yale University , 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Stuart D. Ryder
- ORCiD
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University , NSW 2109, Australia; Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics Research Centre, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- David J. Sand
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc100
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 948,
no. 1
p. 27
Abstract
We present the largest and most homogeneous collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia): 339 spectra of 98 individual SNe obtained as part of the Carnegie Supernova Project-II. These spectra, obtained with the FIRE spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope, have a spectral range of 0.8–2.5 μ m. Using this sample, we explore the NIR spectral diversity of SNe Ia and construct a template of spectral time series as a function of the light-curve-shape parameter, color stretch s _BV . Principal component analysis is applied to characterize the diversity of the spectral features and reduce data dimensionality to a smaller subspace. Gaussian process regression is then used to model the subspace dependence on phase and light-curve shape and the associated uncertainty. Our template is able to predict spectral variations that are correlated with s _BV , such as the hallmark NIR features: Mg ii at early times and the H -band break after peak. Using this template reduces the systematic uncertainties in K -corrections by ∼90% compared to those from the Hsiao template. These uncertainties, defined as the mean K -correction differences computed with the color-matched template and observed spectra, are on the level of 4 × 10 ^−4 mag on average. This template can serve as the baseline spectral energy distribution for light-curve fitters and can identify peculiar spectral features that might point to compelling physics. The results presented here will substantially improve future SN Ia cosmological experiments, for both nearby and distant samples.
Keywords
