Advancements in M protein interference in the clinical laboratory detection

Abstract

M protein is a unique immunoglobulin type that often affects the laboratory results of certain blood tests. The M protein interference exits in the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical process, seriously affecting the accuracy of tests. For example, high concentrations of M protein in serum creatinine, uric acid, lipoprotein, total protein, bilirubin, blood glucose, phosphorus, hemoglobin, glycosylated albumin can cause false high or false low results. The abnormal presence of M protein in 25-OH vitamin D, thyroid-stimulating hormone, c-reactive protein, vancomycin, gentamicin and sodium valproate concentrations interferes with the actual detection results. Solutions to the above problems include diluting serum or removing protein before testing, using protein stabilizers during testing or optimizing reaction conditions. Furthermore, in clinical practice, hidden M protein can be uncovered, and effective detection prior to the onset of disease can open new avenues for disease management and prognosis.

Keywords

• |m protein|interference|laboratory test