Multicomutação e amostragem binária em análise química em fluxo: determinação espectrofotométrica de ortofosfato em águas naturais Multicommutation and binary sampling in chemical flow analysis: spectrophotometric determination of phosphate in natural waters

Abstract

A flow system based on multicommutation and binary sampling process was developed to implement the sample zone trapping technique in order to increase the spectrophotometric analytical range and to improve sensitivity. The flow network was designed with active devices in order to provide facilities to determine sequentialy analyte with a wide concentration range, employing a single pumping channel to propel sample and reagents solutions. The procedure was employed to determine ortophosphate ions in water samples of river and waste. Profitable features such as an analytical throughput of 60 samples determination per hour, relative standard deviation (r.s.d.) of 2% (n = 6) for a typical sample with concentration of 2.78 mg/L were achieved. By applying the paired t-test no significant difference at 95% confidence level was observed between the results obtained with the proposed system and those of the usual flow injection system.

Keywords

• multicommutation
• flow analysis
• binary sampling
• phosphate determination