Highly Stable, Bending-Tolerant, and Sustainable Flexible Heater through a Scalable Papermaking Procedure
Jiajie Liu,
Huacui Xiang,
Wei Wang,
Xiujuan Tao,
Zhou Bai,
Zhijian Li,
Haiwei Wu,
Suochao Yuan,
Hongwei Zhou,
Hanbin Liu
Affiliations
Jiajie Liu
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Huacui Xiang
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Wei Wang
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Xiujuan Tao
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Zhou Bai
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Zhijian Li
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Haiwei Wu
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Suochao Yuan
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Hongwei Zhou
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China
Hanbin Liu
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Flexible electrothermal heaters have attracted abundant attention in recent years due to their wide applications, but their preparation with high efficiency remains a challenge. Here in this work, a highly stable and bending-tolerant flexible heater was fabricated with graphite nanosheets and cellulose fibers through a scalable papermaking procedure. Its electrothermal property can be enhanced by a hot-pressing treatment and introduction of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) during the papermaking protocol. The flexible heater may quickly reach its maximum temperature of 239.8 °C in around 1 min at a voltage of 9 V. The power density was up to 375.3 °C cm2 w−1. It appeared to have a high tolerance for bending deformation with various curvatures, and the temperature remained stable even under 100 bending with frequency of around 0.17 Hz. Over 100 alternatively heating and cooling cycles, it worked stably as well. It was proved to be used as wearable heating equipment, soft heaters, and aircraft deicing devices, suggesting its great prospect in the field of heat management.
