Technology for Improving the Technical Skills of Skilled Long Jumpers

Abstract

The improvement of technical skills is closely associated with a focus on the informative biomechanical indices upon which the achievement of high sports results in the long jump depends: speed of run-up before take-off, kinetic energy at the moment of foot placing on the support for take-off; speed of the body general center of mass “depar- ture” at the moment of leaving the support; total energy at the moment of foot placing on the support for take-off; duration of take-off phase; kinetic energy at the moment of leaving the support; total energy at the moment of leaving the support; maximum height of the body general center of mass during flight; height of the body general center of mass during foot placing on the support for take-off; angle of the body general center of mass departure; length of the third stride before take-off; take-off power. The majority of participating experts (n=30) consider the most rational to be the performance of various athletic exercises, which in their structure and manifestation of mo- tor qualities are as close as possible to long jumps and allow to influence certain informative biomechanical indices: long jumps with different run-up distance: from short (eight running strides) and medium (10–14 running strides) to full and increased (from 16 to 24 running strides) (W=0.741, p<0.01). The efficiency of the process of improving technical skills depends on the dominance of particular sensory system indices. Among athletes (n=33) specialized in long jump, the key sensory system is visual in 42.42%, audio - in 27.27%, kinesthetic – in 18.18%. The same indices of visual and kinesthetic perception of information are observed in 12.12% of athletes.

Keywords

• long jump
• technical skills
• technique
• sensory system
• biomechanical index