Sex differences in left-ventricular strain in a murine model of coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis
Damian N. Di Florio,
Logan P. Macomb,
Presley G. Giresi,
Danielle J. Beetler,
Natalie E. Bonvie-Hill,
Katie A. Shapiro,
Abdel-Rahman N. Naser,
Sami Khatib,
Emily R. Whelan,
Gabriel J. Weigel,
Brandy H. Edenfield,
Varsini Balamurugan,
Sarah K. Burris,
Laurie J. Rich,
Katelyn A. Bruno,
Leslie T. Cooper, Jr.,
Chris J. McLeod,
Mohamad H. Yamani,
DeLisa Fairweather
Affiliations
Damian N. Di Florio
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Logan P. Macomb
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Presley G. Giresi
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Danielle J. Beetler
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Natalie E. Bonvie-Hill
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Katie A. Shapiro
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Abdel-Rahman N. Naser
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Sami Khatib
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Emily R. Whelan
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Gabriel J. Weigel
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Brandy H. Edenfield
Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Varsini Balamurugan
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Sarah K. Burris
Fujifilm VisualSonics Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
Laurie J. Rich
Fujifilm VisualSonics Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
Katelyn A. Bruno
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Leslie T. Cooper, Jr.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Chris J. McLeod
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Mohamad H. Yamani
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
DeLisa Fairweather
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Corresponding author
Summary: Myocarditis is typically caused by viral infections, but most cases are thought to be subclinical. Echocardiography is often used for initial assessment of myocarditis patients but is poor at detecting subtle changes in cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac strain, such as global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS), represents an increasingly used set of measurements which can detect these subtle changes. Using a murine model of coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis, we characterized functional changes in the heart using echocardiography during myocarditis and by sex. We found that 2D GLS, 4D mode, and 4D strains detected a significant reduction in ejection fraction and GLS during myocarditis compared to baseline and in males compared to females. Furthermore, worse GLS correlated to increased levels of CD45+, CD11b+, and CD3+ immune cells. Our findings closely resemble published reports of GLS in patients with myocarditis indicating the usefulness of this animal model for translational studies of myocarditis.
