Ways to achieve water economy in the application of water-saving technologies against irrigation erosion in hilly lands

Abstract

In order to ensure sustainable water supply to the population and all sectors of the economy in 2020-2030, to improve the reclamation of irrigated lands, to widely introduce market principles and mechanisms and digital technologies in water management, to ensure reliable operation of water facilities and increase land and water resources efficiency At the initiative of President Sh. Mirziyoyev, the main goal is to supply every drop of water on the basis of the normative limit for crops. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-4499 of October 25, 2019 “On measures to expand mechanisms to encourage the introduction of water-saving technologies in agriculture” and the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 10, 2020”. The application of irrigation technologies in the hills is effective, irrigation is carried out on the basis of modern technology, measures to combat irrigation erosion are identified. Therefore, ways to prevent leaching of the fertile layer of soil in water-saving technologies have been studied in this article. These experiments were carried out on the farm “Umid” Zangiota district, Tashkent region, using water-saving technologies to increase the efficiency of grain crops on hilly lands, in 2019-2021 on the area of irrigation erosion. In order to increase grain yield, 100 m, 150 m, 200 m long fields were irrigated with zigzag furrows using K-9 polymer. professor Qambarov B.F., t.f.d. Professor Baraev F.A. Based on the recommendations, 8-factor experiments were conducted to prevent leaching of the fertile layer of soil. Yields increased from 30-35 quintals to 60-68 quintals. The number of swimmers has decreased by 5-6 compared to the previous one. Development of the effectiveness of engineering technology to protect the active layer of the soil from irrigation erosion. The main goal is to prevent the washing of the active layer of soil by the use of water-saving anti-erosion technologies (zig-zag), water-saving K-9 polymer in typical gray soils with old irrigated erosion, as well as high-quality grain from winter wheat “Kroshka”. The main purpose of the application of new technologies to protect the soil from irrigation erosion is to prevent the erosion of the fertile layer of the soil, to improve the water regime, to maintain the water regime, to determine the period of active root irrigation and, above all, grain irrigation.