International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jan 2024)

Research Progress of SN38 Drug Delivery System in Cancer Treatment

  • Qi QR,
  • Tian H,
  • Yue BS,
  • Zhai BT,
  • Zhao F

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 19
pp. 945 – 964

Abstract

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Qing-rui Qi,1 Huan Tian,2 Bao-sen Yue,2 Bing-tao Zhai,1 Feng Zhao2 1State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China; 2Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 710021, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bing-tao Zhai; Feng Zhao, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: The active metabolite of irinotecan (CPT-11), 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), is 100– 1000 times more active than CPT-11 and has shown inhibitory effects on a range of cancer cells, including those from the rectal, small cell lung, breast, esophageal, uterine, and ovarian malignancies. Despite SN38’s potent anticancer properties, its hydrophobicity and pH instability have caused substantial side effects and anticancer activity loss, which make it difficult to use in clinical settings. To solve the above problems, the construction of SN38-based drug delivery systems is one of the most feasible methods to improve drug solubility, enhance drug stability, increase drug targeting ability, improve drug bioavailability, enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions. Therefore, based on the targeting mechanism of drug delivery systems, this paper reviews SN38 drug delivery systems, including polymeric micelles, liposomal nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, protein nanoparticles, conjugated drug delivery systems targeted by aptamers and ligands, antibody-drug couplings, magnetic targeting, photosensitive targeting, redox-sensitive and multi-stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems, and co-loaded drug delivery systems. The focus of this review is on nanocarrier-based SN38 drug delivery systems. We hope to provide a reference for the clinical translation and application of novel SN38 medications.Keywords: SN38, drug delivery system, cancer

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