Realigned Hardy’s paradox

Shuai Zhao; Qing Zhou; Si-Ran Zhao; Xin-Yu Xu; Wen-Zhao Liu; Li Li; Nai-Le Liu; Qiang Zhang; Jing-Ling Chen; Kai Chen

Results in Physics (Jan 2024)

Realigned Hardy’s paradox

Shuai Zhao,
Qing Zhou,
Si-Ran Zhao,
Xin-Yu Xu,
Wen-Zhao Liu,
Li Li,
Nai-Le Liu,
Qiang Zhang,
Jing-Ling Chen,
Kai Chen

Affiliations

Shuai Zhao: School of Cyberspace, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Qing Zhou: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Si-Ran Zhao: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Xin-Yu Xu: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Wen-Zhao Liu: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Li Li: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Nai-Le Liu: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Qiang Zhang: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Jing-Ling Chen: Theoretical Physics Division, Chern Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Corresponding authors.
Kai Chen: Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Corresponding authors.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 56
p. 107210

Abstract

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Hardy’s paradox provides an “All-versus-Nothing” fashion to directly certify that quantum mechanics cannot be completely described by local realistic theory. However, when considering potential imperfections in experiments, like noisy entanglement source and low detection efficiency, the original Hardy’s paradox can only induce a rather small Hardy violation, and is difficult to reveal. To overcome this challenge, we have proposed a realigned Hardy’s paradox, which can dramatically improve the Hardy violation. Furthermore, we have generalized the realigned Hardy’s paradox to arbitrary even n dichotomic measurements. For n=2, 4 and 6 cases, the realigned Hardy’s paradox can achieve Hardy values approximate 0.4140, 0.7734 and 0.8875 respectively for qubit systems, compared with only 0.09 of the original Hardy’s paradox. Meanwhile, the structure of the realigned Hardy’s paradox is simpler and more robust, in the sense that there is only one Hardy condition. We anticipate that the realigned Hardy’s paradox can tolerate more experimental imperfections and help to stimulate more fascinating quantum information applications.

Published in Results in Physics

ISSN: 2211-3797 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Science: Physics
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/results-in-physics/

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