The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2023)

The IXPE View of GRB 221009A

  • Michela Negro,
  • Niccolò Di Lalla,
  • Nicola Omodei,
  • Péter Veres,
  • Stefano Silvestri,
  • Alberto Manfreda,
  • Eric Burns,
  • Luca Baldini,
  • Enrico Costa,
  • Steven R. Ehlert,
  • Jamie A. Kennea,
  • Ioannis Liodakis,
  • Herman L. Marshall,
  • Sandro Mereghetti,
  • Riccardo Middei,
  • Fabio Muleri,
  • Stephen L. O’Dell,
  • Oliver J. Roberts,
  • Roger W. Romani,
  • Carmelo Sgró,
  • Masanobu Terashima,
  • Andrea Tiengo,
  • Domenico Viscolo,
  • Alessandro Di Marco,
  • Fabio La Monaca,
  • Luca Latronico,
  • Giorgio Matt,
  • Matteo Perri,
  • Simonetta Puccetti,
  • Juri Poutanen,
  • Ajay Ratheesh,
  • Daniele Rogantini,
  • Patrick Slane,
  • Paolo Soffitta,
  • Elina Lindfors,
  • Kari Nilsson,
  • Anni Kasikov,
  • Alan P. Marscher,
  • Fabrizio Tavecchio,
  • Nicoló Cibrario,
  • Shuichi Gunji,
  • Christian Malacaria,
  • Alessandro Paggi,
  • Yi-Jung Yang,
  • Silvia Zane,
  • Martin C. Weisskopf,
  • Iván Agudo,
  • Lucio A. Antonelli,
  • Matteo Bachetti,
  • Wayne H. Baumgartner,
  • Ronaldo Bellazzini,
  • Stefano Bianchi,
  • Stephen D. Bongiorno,
  • Raffaella Bonino,
  • Alessandro Brez,
  • Niccolò Bucciantini,
  • Fiamma Capitanio,
  • Simone Castellano,
  • Elisabetta Cavazzuti,
  • Chien-Ting Chen,
  • Stefano Ciprini,
  • Alessandra De Rosa,
  • Ettore Del Monte,
  • Laura Di Gesu,
  • Immacolata Donnarumma,
  • Victor Doroshenko,
  • Michal Dovc̆iak,
  • Teruaki Enoto,
  • Yuri Evangelista,
  • Sergio Fabiani,
  • Riccardo Ferrazzoli,
  • Javier A. Garcia,
  • Kiyoshi Hayashida,
  • Jeremy Heyl,
  • Wataru Iwakiri,
  • Svetlana G. Jorstad,
  • Philip Kaaret,
  • Vladimir Karas,
  • Fabian Kislat,
  • Takao Kitaguchi,
  • Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak,
  • Henric Krawczynski,
  • Simone Maldera,
  • Frédéric Marin,
  • Andrea Marinucci,
  • Ikuyuki Mitsuishi,
  • Tsunefumi Mizuno,
  • C.-Y. Ng,
  • Chiara Oppedisano,
  • Alessandro Papitto,
  • George G. Pavlov,
  • Abel L. Peirson,
  • Melissa Pesce-Rollins,
  • Pierre-Olivier Petrucci,
  • Maura Pilia,
  • Andrea Possenti,
  • Brian D. Ramsey,
  • John Rankin,
  • Gloria Spandre,
  • Douglas A. Swartz,
  • Toru Tamagawa,
  • Roberto Taverna,
  • Yuzuru Tawara,
  • Allyn F. Tennant,
  • Nicholas E. Thomas,
  • Francesco Tombesi,
  • Alessio Trois,
  • Sergey S. Tsygankov,
  • Roberto Turolla,
  • Jacco Vink,
  • Kinwah Wu,
  • Fei Xie

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acba17
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 946, no. 1
p. L21

Abstract

Read online

We present the IXPE observation of GRB 221009A, which includes upper limits on the linear polarization degree of both prompt and afterglow emission in the soft X-ray energy band. GRB 221009A is an exceptionally bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) that reached Earth on 2022 October 9 after traveling through the dust of the Milky Way. The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) pointed at GRB 221009A on October 11 to observe, for the first time, the 2–8 keV X-ray polarization of a GRB afterglow. We set an upper limit to the polarization degree of the afterglow emission of 13.8% at a 99% confidence level. This result provides constraints on the jet opening angle and the viewing angle of the GRB, or alternatively, other properties of the emission region. Additionally, IXPE captured halo-rings of dust-scattered photons that are echoes of the GRB prompt emission. The 99% confidence level upper limit to the prompt polarization degree depends on the background model assumption, and it ranges between ∼55% and ∼82%. This single IXPE pointing provides both the first assessment of X-ray polarization of a GRB afterglow and the first GRB study with polarization observations of both the prompt and afterglow phases.

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