Мелиорация и гидротехника (May 2024)
Software for calculating the irrigation regime of tomatoes in open ground
Abstract
Purpose: automation of calculations of the irrigation regime for open ground tomatoes based on the developed software. Materials and methods. The basis is a methodology of calculating and adjusting the irrigation regime of tomatoes, including determination of the total evaporation and soil moisture, the timing and quantity of irrigation using the calculation method with a mathematical model based on the relationship between bioclimatic coefficients and the sum of average daily temperatures or evaporation on the field on an accrual total from the beginning of the crop growing season to the ripening period, as well as the results of the Crimea zoning according to moisture conditions. Results and discussion. To automate the calculations, an algorithm for calculating soil moisture in relation to evaporation, which was implemented in Microsoft Excel software was developed. Bioclimatic coefficients of water consumption were determined taking into account the sum of temperatures above 12 °C and evaporation on an accrual total from sprouting or sowing seedlings. The obtained calculated dependencies for determining the bioclimatic coefficients of water consumption of open ground tomatoes cultivated in different moisture supply zones of the Crimea, make it possible to calculate and adjust the irrigation regime for years with different precipitation levels with high approximation reliability. Using the software, the design regime for irrigation of open ground tomatoes including watering and irrigation rates, frequency of irrigation, which were determined on the moisture coefficient of the territory and the year of 50, 75 or 95 % precipitation was calculated. Conclusions. Effective cultivation of agricultural crops, and especially vegetables, largely depends on the irrigation regimes used. Increasing the accuracy of calculations of the main elements of the irrigation regime through the use of modern software will allow optimizing the water resources use to achieve the planned productivity.
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