Evaluation of Solanum linnaeanum and S. sisymbriifolium extracts for the management of Meloidogyne chitwoodi
Laura Soraia Perpétuo,
Maria José M. da Cunha,
Maria Teresa Batista,
Isabel Luci Conceição
Affiliations
Laura Soraia Perpétuo
University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal; Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), FCTUC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II – Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Departmentof Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
Maria José M. da Cunha
Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601, Coimbra, Portugal
Maria Teresa Batista
University of Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), FCTUC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II – Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
Isabel Luci Conceição
University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
Meloidogyne chitwoodi causes significant yield losses in many crops and the chemical control measures currently used are less effective for this nematode. The activity of aqueous extracts (0.8 mg/mL) of one-month-old (R1M) and two-months-old roots and immature fruits (F) of Solanum linnaeanum (Sl) and S. sisymbriifolium cv. Sis 6001 (Ss) were tested on hatching, mortality, infectivity and reproduction of M. chitwoodi. The extracts selected reduced the hatching of second-stage juveniles (J2) (cumulative hatching of 40% for Sl R1M and 24% for Ss F) but did not affect J2 mortality. However, infectivity of J2 exposed to the selected extracts, during 4 and 7 days, was lower (3% and 0% for Sl R1M and 0% and 0% for Ss F) compared to the control (23% and 3%). Reproduction was affected only after 7 days of exposure (reproduction factor (RF) was 7 for Sl R1M and 3 for Ss F) compared to the control (RF = 11). The results suggest that the selected Solanum extracts are effective and can be a useful tool in sustainable M. chitwoodi management. This is the first report on the efficacy of S. linnaeanum and S. sisymbriifolium extracts against root-knot nematodes.
