Determining the drilling mud window by integration of geostatistics, intelligent, and conditional programming models in an oilfield of SW Iran

Abstract

Abstract Accurate knowledge of pore and fracture pressures is essential for drilling wells safely with the desired mud weight (MW). Overpressure occurs when the pore pressure is higher than the normal hydrostatic pressure. There is a challenge regarding the pressure studies domain in an oilfield in SW Iran, where lack of geo-mechanical data limits exact mud window calculation. Also, the reservoir generally consists of carbonate rocks and contains no shale interbeds, so mechanical stratigraphy based on Gamma ray could not be applied. This study is to provide safe drilling considering MW to prevent the flow or loss in the vicinity of the new wells in the studied field. In this research, the formation pressures and mud window models are determined by combining geostatistical, intelligent, and conditional programming models and compared with real data. The conditional programming was also used to correct small out-of-range data. The highest correlation between the final effective pressure and velocity cube was observed in lower Fahliyan Formation with 0.86 and Ilam with 0.71.The modeled MW difference ranged between 2.5 and 30 PCF. Also, the maximum modeled MW is 150 PCF in the upper Fahliyan Formation. Heavy mud of more than 130 PCF is suggested for drilling the Khalij member and continues to the end of stratigraphy column. Best observed correlation comparing the drilled and modeled MW, especially achieved in the Fahliyan reservoir Formation with more than 100 PCF and the Ilam Formation with 80–100 PCF. Finally, 3D formation pressures are presented and recommended for further safe drillings.

Keywords

• Seismic data
• Sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS)
• Formation pressure cube
• Mud window
• Conditional programming