Di-san junyi daxue xuebao (Jul 2020)

Analysis of results of neonatal fundus disease screening in 38 970 neonates in Chongqing

  • CEN Chao,
  • HE Liying

DOI
https://doi.org/10.16016/j.1000-5404.202003110
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 42, no. 14
pp. 1441 – 1448

Abstract

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Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of fundus oculi diseases in newborns in Chongqing. Methods Between January 2016 and November 2019, we screened 38 970 neonates for fundus diseases using wide-angle digital retinal imaging system (RetCam3) in our center, and compared the detections rates of fundus diseases between full-term and premature neonates. Univariate analysis and logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed to analyze the factors associated with retinal hemorrhage and exudative changes with undefined diagnosis. Subgroup analysis was carried out for the premature neonates to compare the detection rates of retinopathy of prematurity among the neonates with different gestational ages and birth weight. Results The detection rates of neonatal fundus diseases differed significantly between the full-term newborns and the premature neonates (P=0.014). Of the 34 248 full-term neonates (68 496 eyes), 17 103 eyes had abnormal findings (24.97%), and the most frequent abnormality was retinal hemorrhage (RH), which was found in 8 131 eyes (11.871%), followed by exudative changes with undefined diagnosis (6 611 eyes, 9.652%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that a female gender, full-term birth and vaginal delivery were all associated increased risks of retinal hemorrhage (P < 0.001); a male gender, full-term birth, vaginal delivery and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with exudative changes with undefined diagnosis (P < 0.001). Of the 4 722 premature neonates (9 444 eyes), 768 eyes were found to have retinopathy of prematurity (8.13%). Conclusion The detection rates of retinal hemorrhage and exudative changes with undefined diagnosis are relatively high in the neonates in Chongqing. Gender, gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus are all risk factors of neonatal fundus disease in the neonates.

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