Clinical Ophthalmology (Jul 2024)

A Possible Reciprocal Relationship Between Myopia and Dry Eye Disease in Japanese Teenagers

  • Ibrahim OMA,
  • Ayaki M,
  • Yotsukura E,
  • Torii H,
  • Negishi K

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 18
pp. 1991 – 1998

Abstract

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Osama MA Ibrahim,1 Masahiko Ayaki,1,2 Erisa Yotsukura,1 Hidemasa Torii,1 Kazuno Negishi1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Otake Eye Clinic, Kanagawa, JapanCorrespondence: Osama MA Ibrahim; Masahiko Ayaki, Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Tel +81-3-5363-2012, Fax +81-3-5363 3645 ; +81-3-5363-3087, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: To investigate the relationship between dry eye disease (DED) and myopia in Japanese teenagers.Methods: This clinic-based, retrospective, cross-sectional study assessed DED condition in 10- to 19-year-old teenagers presenting at Japanese eye clinics. They included 106 high myopic patients (HM; mean age, 16.4 ± 2.2 years), 494 mild myopic patients (15.0 ± 2.6 years) and 82 non-myopic teenagers (NM; 13.8 ± 2.6 years). Subjective refraction and anisometropia were measured. Myopia grade was classified as HM (≤ − 6.00 D), MM (> − 6.00 D, < − 0.50 D), or NM (≥ − 0.5 D). The presence of DED-related symptoms including dryness, irritation, pain, fatigue, blurring and photophobia were assessed through a questionnaire. Tear film break-up time (BUT) and fluorescein corneal staining were investigated. Comparison among three groups and regression analysis of myopic error and other variables were conducted.Results: Anisometropia and astigmatic error were greatest in the HM group compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). The HM group reported less photophobia (p < 0.001) and less pain (p = 0.039) compared with the NM group. Regression analysis revealed that myopic error was correlated with astigmatic error (β = − 0.231, p < 0.001), anisometropia (β = − 0.191, p < 0.001), short BUT (β = − 0.086, p = 0.028) and the presence of diagnosed DED (β = − 0.112, p = 0.003). Dryness (β = − 0.127 p = 0.004), photophobia (β = 0.117, p = 0.002) and pain (β = 0.084, p = 0.034) correlated with myopic error.Conclusion: This study associated clinical findings of DED in HM teenagers. The present results suggest DED might be associated with myopia, possibly in a reciprocal relationship.Keywords: myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, dry eye, tear break-up time

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