Clinical and Translational Medicine (Sep 2020)

Hyperprogression: A novel response pattern under immunotherapy

  • Xue‐jiao Han,
  • Aqu Alu,
  • Yi‐nan Xiao,
  • Yu‐quan Wei,
  • Xia‐wei Wei

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.167
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 5
pp. n/a – n/a

Abstract

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Abstract Checkpoint blockade therapy has shown significant therapeutic benefits and resulted in durable responses in patients with various tumors. However, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that 4‐29% of all patients with cancers with various histologies may suffer from tumor flare following such therapy. This novel tumor response pattern, termed hyperprogression, is a potentially deleterious side effect of checkpoint blockade therapy that accelerates disease progression in a subset of patients. In this review, we describe possible immune checkpoint blockade biomarkers and the epidemiology, different definitions, and predictors of hyperprogression based on the research findings and further present the available evidence supporting pathophysiological hypotheses that might explain hyperprogression during checkpoint blockade therapy. We also compare hyperprogression and pseudoprogression. Finally, we discuss areas requiring further study.

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