Psychology Research and Behavior Management (Dec 2021)

Does Sex in Managerial Positions Really Matter? Differences in Work-Related Feelings and Behaviors

  • Jaworek MA,
  • Marek T,
  • Karwowski W

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 14
pp. 2045 – 2058

Abstract

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Magdalena Anna Jaworek,1 Tadeusz Marek,2 Waldemar Karwowski3 1Department of Organizational Behavior, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; 2Department of Neurocognitive Science and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; 3Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USACorrespondence: Magdalena Anna JaworekDepartment of Organizational Behavior, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 4, Kraków, 30-348, PolandTel +48 12 664 57 84Email [email protected]: The aim of the current study was to test hypotheses regarding differences in work-related feelings (ie, dejection, anxiety, anger, and happiness) and behaviors (aggressive, avoidance-passive, and proactive) between males and females, managers and non-managers, and male and female managers.Methods: This survey-based study included a total of 3019 respondents, consisting of 502 managers and 2517 employees working in non-managerial positions. Data were collected using two questionnaires developed by the authors: the scale of work-related affective feelings (WORAF) and the scale of work-related behaviors (WORAB).Results: The results revealed significant differences between managers and non-managers, with managers being happier in their jobs and exhibiting more proactive behaviors. However, there were no differences in work-related feelings or work-related behaviors between males and females in the total sample of respondents or in the group of employees holding managerial positions.Conclusion: In terms of work-related feelings and behaviors, there are no sex differences among working people. However, some differences between managers and non-managers were observed.Keywords: gender differences, managers, non-managers, work-related affective states, work-related behavior strategies, Bayesian approach

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