Heat transfer analysis of Carreau nanofluid flow with gyrotactic microorganisms: A comparative study

Abstract

Advancement in thermodynamical characteristics of non-Newtonian fluid is achieved by induction of gyrotactic microorganisms in order to attain efficient thermal and mechanical engineering setups, such as micromixers, microfluidic instruments, biosensors and microdevices. So, the primer motive to conduct this research is to examine the effectiveness of gyrotactic microorganisms in managing heat transport in Carreau nanofluid flow over a linearly stretched surface under the effectiveness of opposing and assisting buoyancy forces. Physical aspect of magnetic field along with slip boundary constraint also entertained by employing in vertical direction. The governing equations are modelled in the form of dimensional PDE's and latterly transformed into dimensionless ODEs via similarity transformations. Solution of obtained set of differential system is solved by implementing Runge-Kutta of order 4 and shooting procedure. Visualizations about influence of flow concerning parameters on associated distributions are analyzed in comparative manner for opposing and assisting buoyancy parameter. In addition, metrics for quantities of engineering interest, such as heat and mass fluxes for nano and gyrotactic particles along with skin friction coefficient are calculated in a comprehensive manner.

Keywords

• Bioconvection
• Nanofluid
• Carreau fluid
• Opposing/assisting forces
• Heat transfer
• Numerical scheme