International Journal of Nanomedicine (Dec 2022)
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Gold and Copper Nanoparticles from Salvadora persica Fruit Extracts and Their Biological Properties
Abstract
Sammar Fathy ELhabal,1 Hanan Mohamed Elwy,2 Soha Hassanin,3 Ahmed A El-Rashedy,4 Alaaeldin Ahmed Hamza,5 Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh6 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt; 2Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt; 3Biochemistry Department, Modern University for Technology and information, Cairo, Egypt; 4Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, Egypt; 5Biology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt; 6Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh; Alaaeldin Ahmed Hamza, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Metal nanoparticle synthesis using plant has emerged as an eco-friendly, clean, and viable strategy alternative to chemical and physical approaches.Methods: The fruit extract of Salvadora persica (SP) was utilized as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of gold (AuNPs) and copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles.Results: UV–Vis spectra of the AuNPs and CuNPs showed peaks at the wavelengths of 530 nm and 440 nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy showed that nanoparticles exhibited a mainly spherical form, with a distribution range of 100 to 113 nm in diameter for AuNPs and of 130 to 135 nm in diameter for CuNPs. While energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was able to confirm the existence of AuNPs and CuNPs. The alcoholic extract of the fruit SP was analyzed by GC-MS in order to identify whether or not it contained any active phytochemicals. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed the presence capping functional biomolecules of SP on the surface of nanoparticles that acts as stabilizers. Analysis of the zeta potential revealed that NPs with high degree of stability, as demonstrated by a strong negative potential value in the range of 25.2 to 28.7 mV. Results showed that both green AuNPs and CuNPs have potential antimicrobial activity against human pathogens such gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, with CuNPs having antimicrobial activity higher than AuNPs. In addition, AuNPs and CuNPs have promising antioxidant and anticancer properties when applied to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Studies of molecular docking of SP bioactive compounds were conducted against methenyl tetrahydrofolate synthetase. Among all of them, Beta – Sitosterol was the most prominent.Conclusion: These AuNPs and CuNPs are particularly appealing in a variety of applications in the pharmaceutical and medicinal industries due to their economical and environmentally friendly production.Keywords: Salvadora persica, green nanoparticles, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer
